Lighting:

There are many different types of lighting when looking at films.
These are; key lighting
                Backlighting
                Top lighting
                low key lighting
                high key lighting
Key lighting gives an all round light to a clip, and lightens shadows to give more of a natural effect. 
Backlighting creates a silhouette, which give the character a mysterious effect as you are unlikely to know what they look like depending on how stong this light is. 
Top lighting is when the light comes from above and gives off a glamourous effect on the character. 
Low key lighting is when there is a high contrast between the light and shadows, sometimes giving off a spooky or mysterious effect. 
Finally High key lighting is when the lighting looks natural.